Definition of bone marrow Transplant Abroad|

What is Bone Marrow?

A part of bones called “bone marrow” create blood cells. Marrow is the soft, spongy tissue inside your bones. Bone marrow produces blood cells called “hematopoietic” stem cells. These cells will develop into many different kinds of cells. They can turn into more bone marrow cells. Or they can turn into any type of blood cell.

Certain cancers and different types of diseases keep hematopoietic stem cells from developing normally. If they’re not normal, neither are the blood cells that they make. A stem cell transplant provides you new stem cells. The new stem cells can make new, healthy blood cells. It creates the following parts of the blood.

• Red Blood Cells: which carry oxygen and nutrients throughout the body.
• White Blood Cells: which fight infection.
• Platelets: which are responsible for the formation of clots.

What is Bone Marrow Transplant?

Bone Marrow Transplant (BMT) is a special therapy for patients with certain cancers or other diseases. A Bone marrow transplant involves taking cells that are normally found in the bone marrow (stem cells), filtering those cells, and giving them back either to the donor (patient) or to another person. The goal of BMT is to transfuse healthy bone marrow cells into a person after his or her own unhealthy bone marrow has been treated to kill the abnormal cells.

A bone marrow transplant also called a stem cell transplant, is a treatment for some types of cancer. For example, you might have one if you have leukemia, multiple myeloma, or some types of lymphoma. Doctors also treat some blood diseases with stem cell transplants.

There are many different types of blood and bone marrow cancer. Here are a few:

Multiple Myeloma . 

This is the most common. It affects plasma cells. These are white blood cells that help fight infection and disease. In multiple myeloma, cancerous plasma cells push out normal, healthy ones and destroy or weaken your bones.

Lymphomas. 

These usually begin in lymph nodes, but they can also affect the bone marrow. Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma starts in the lymphocytes, a type of white blood cell. White blood cells are part of the body's immune system.

Leukemia. 

If you have this type of blood cancer, your body makes abnormal blood cells. These abnormal cells crowd the bone marrow so there is less room for healthy blood cells. Usually, it forms in the white blood cells, but it can happen in other types of cells, too. It can be either fast-growing (acute) or slow-growing (chronic). There are many types of leukemia. All of them have different treatments.

Childhood Leukemia . 

This is the most common form of cancer in children and teens. About 3 out of every 4 childhood leukemias are acute lymphocytic leukemia. This starts in the bone marrow from early forms of white blood cells and progresses quickly. The rest are usually acute myeloid leukemia. This type of cancer starts in another early form of blood cell and can move quickly into the blood and spread to other parts of the body. Read More...